Features of Indian Constitution and Preamble (DAMP)
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Contents
- The Indian Constitution is based on the principle of federalism. Highlight the salient features of the federal system of government in India.
- Discuss the meaning of the adjectives “Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic” used in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
04-04-2023
Answer :
Introduction: Either define federalism or write about principle of federalism in Indian context.
Body: Highlight salient features of federal system of Government of India.
Conclusion: Summarizes with importance of federalism or else with contribution of federalism in India.
The Indian Constitution is based on the principle of federalism, which means the power to govern is divided between the central government and state governments. The Constitution provides for a clear distribution of powers under schedule 7 between the central government and the state governments, with each having its own set of responsibilities and duties. This ensures a balance of power and helps maintain the integrity and unity of the country while also promoting regional autonomy and diversity.
Salient features of Federal system of Government of India:
- Distribution of powers: The Indian Constitution provides for a clear distribution of powers between the central government and state governments. The central government has exclusive powers in certain areas, such as defense, foreign affairs, and currency, while the state governments have powers over subjects like health, education, and agriculture.
- Dual Government: The federal system of government in India is characterized by a dual government, with both the central government and state governments functioning independently of each other. This allows for greater autonomy and flexibility in decision-making, while also promoting regional diversity and cultural identity.
- Written Constitution: The Indian Constitution is a written document that serves as the supreme law of the land. It lays down the framework for the federal system of government and defines the powers and responsibilities of the central government and state governments.
- Bicameral Legislature: The Indian Parliament consists of two houses – the Rajya Sabha (Council of States) and the Lok Sabha (House of the People). This bicameral legislature ensures that both the central government and state governments have a voice in the legislative process.
- Rigidity of constitution: Special procedures are needed for constitutions amendments. The Constitution is rigid to the point where those provisions dealing with the federal structure (i.e., Centre-state relations and judicial organization) can only be amended by joint action of the Central and state governments.
- Independent Judiciary: The Indian Constitution provides for an independent judiciary, which is essential to uphold the federal structure of the country. The Supreme Court has the power to interpret the Constitution and resolve disputes between the central government and state governments. The federal system of government in India is characterized by a clear distribution of powers, a written Constitution, a bicameral legislature, an independent judiciary, a dual government, and financial autonomy for state governments. These features ensure the efficient administration of the country while maintaining a balance of power between the
central government and state governments.
06-04-2023
Answer :
Introduction: Define preamble or give a brief background of preamble.
Body: Highlight the features of each value in brief, highlight qualitative points.
Conclusion: Summarizes the importance of preamble.
The Preamble of the Indian Constitution highlights the fundamental principles and values. It begins with the words “We, the people of India,” and proceeds to outline the nature of the Indian state as a “Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic, Republic.” Each of these words represents a key concept that has significant implications for the nature of the Indian state and the rights and freedoms of its citizens.
Meaning of adjectives attached to preamble:
- Sovereign: India is a sovereign nation, which means that it is free from external control and can govern itself without interference from other nations. It signifies that it has its own independent government and can make decisions on matters concerning its citizens without any external intervention. “Sovereign” signifies India’s independence and autonomy in domestic and international affairs.
- Socialist: India is a socialist country, which means that it seeks to promote social and economic equality among its citizens. The state has to work towards eliminating inequality and promoting the welfare of all its citizens. “Socialist” reflects India’s commitment to social justice and equitable distribution of resources.
- Secular: India is a secular country, which means that the state does not promote any religion and treats all religions equally. The Indian Constitution guarantees religious freedom to all its citizens and prohibits discrimination based on religion. “Secular” emphasizes the importance of religious freedom and equality before the law for all citizens.
- Democratic: The Indian Constitution provides for universal adult suffrage and ensures that all citizens have an equal voice in the government through free and fair elections. “Democratic” highlights India’s commitment to the democratic principles of popular sovereignty, freedom of expression, and participation in governance.
- Republic: India is a republic, which means that it has an elected head of state rather than a hereditary monarch. “Republic” signifies India’s commitment to a system of government that is based on elected representatives and the rule of law.
The adjectives attached to preamble represent the fundamental principles that guide India’s governance and provide a framework for promoting the welfare and equality of all its citizens. The Preamble serves as a guiding beacon, inspiring generations of Indians to strive towards a more perfect union.