World History for UPSC: Complete Topic-wise Notes
World History is an important component of the UPSC Civil Services Examination, particularly for GS Paper I (Mains). It covers major global events such as revolutions, industrialization, world wars, colonization, and decolonization, which have shaped the modern world order. Understanding these developments helps in analyzing contemporary global politics and international relations.
This page serves as a comprehensive repository of World History topics, providing structured access to detailed articles for systematic and effective UPSC preparation.
Enlightenment and Intellectual Movements
The Enlightenment laid the foundation for modern political thought, emphasizing reason, liberty, equality, and rights.
- Enlightenment and Intellectual Revolution
Major Political Revolutions
Political revolutions transformed governance systems and inspired democratic ideals across the world.
- American Revolution (1776)
- French Revolution (1789)
Industrial Revolution and Its Impact
The Industrial Revolution brought technological advancements and economic transformation, leading to urbanization and social changes.
Rise of Nationalism and Nation-States
The 19th century witnessed the emergence of nationalism and the formation of modern nation-states.
- Unification of Italy
- Unification of Germany
Imperialism and Colonialism
European powers expanded their control over Asia and Africa, leading to economic exploitation and political domination.
- Imperialism and Colonialism
World Wars and Their Consequences
The two World Wars reshaped global politics, economies, and international relations.
- First World War (1914-1918)
- Second World War (1939-1945)
Russian Revolution and Rise of Socialism
The Russian Revolution led to the establishment of a socialist state and influenced global ideological politics.
- Russian Revolution (1917)
Cold War Era
The Cold War marked a period of ideological conflict between the USA and USSR, influencing global alignments.
- Cold War
Decolonization and Emergence of New Nations
After World War II, many colonies gained independence, leading to the emergence of new nations in Asia and Africa.
- Decolonization in Asia and Africa
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